From basic principles to intelligent selection practice

Introduction

In the field of pile foundation engineering, the drill teeth of rotary drilling rigs are known as the "sharp blade of underground engineering", and their performance directly determines the construction efficiency, energy consumption level and engineering cost. According to statistics, the reasonable selection of drill teeth can reduce the overall construction cost by 18%-35%, while extending the life of the drill tool by more than 40%. This article will systematically analyze the technical evolution and application wisdom of rotry drilling teeth from the microscopic material structure to the macroscopic construction strategy.

Chapter 1 The evolution of drill bit technology (1980-2024)

1.1 Timeline of material revolution

Era Technological breakthrough Hardness improvement Life span increase

1980s High manganese steel integral casting HRC45 Base value

1990s Tungsten carbide surface surfacing HRC58 +120%

2000s Gradient composite material (steel base + WC layer) HRC62 +250%

2010s Nanocrystalline cemented carbide HRC67 +400%

2020s 3D printing topology optimization structure HRC70 +600%

1.2 Milestones of structural innovation

1988: Sandvik launches the first modular quick-change drill bit system

2005: Atlas Copco develops adaptive tooth shape technology

2019: XCMG intelligent induction drill bit realizes real-time wear monitoring

2023: Komatsu AI drill bit selection system is put into commercial use

1.3 Revolutionary Innovation Direction

Bionic drill tooth design:

Drawing on the pangolin scale structure to achieve anisotropic wear resistance

Self-sharpening material:

Use the principle of selective corrosion to maintain the sharpness of the blade

Energy recovery system:

Convert the kinetic energy of the broken rock formation into electrical energy, reducing energy consumption by 15%

1.4 Reconstruction of the industry ecosystem

Teeth-as-a-Service:

Charge according to the actual number of meters drilled, and the supplier undertakes full-cycle management

Blockchain traceability system:

Ensure that the material composition and heat treatment process are traceable throughout the process

Conclusion

Rotary drilling tooth technology is undergoing a paradigm shift from "empirical selection" to "digital twin". Suggestions for engineering units:

Establish a database of drilling tooth performance and accumulate localized geological data

Invest in online monitoring systems to achieve preventive maintenance

Co-build innovation laboratories with scientific research institutions to seize the commanding heights of technology

Future underground projects will be a stage for intelligent materials and digital systems to dance together. Whoever has the initiative in drilling tooth technology will gain the upper hand in the infrastructure competition.